oracle安装命令全+表空间+初始参数设置###RPMyuminstall-ygcc-c++.x86_64yuminstall-ygcc.x86_64yuminstall-ylibstdc++.i686yuminstall-ylibaio-devel.i686yuminstall-ylibaio-devel.x86_64yuminstall-ycompat-libstdc++-33.x86_64yuminstallunixODBC.i686-yyuminstallunixODBC.x86_64-yyuminstallunixODBC-devel.i686-yyuminstallunixODBC-devel.x86_64-yyuminstalllibaio-devel.x86_64-yyuminstallelfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64-yyuminstalllibaio.i686-yyuminstalllibgcc.i686-yyuminstallksh.x86_64-y#######1、建立oracle系统用户和安装目录创建一个主组oracle和一个副组dba，及相关环境变量groupaddoinstallgroupadddbauseradd-goinstall-Gdbaoraclemkdir-p/DB/u01/app/echo'ORACLE_BASE=/DB/u01/app/oracle;'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profileecho'ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profileecho'ORACLE_SID=DATA'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profileecho'PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profileecho'exportORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SIDPATH'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile#mkdir/DB/u01/app/oraInventorychown-Roracle:oinstall/DB/u01/app/chmod-R775/DB/u01/app/passwdoracle###2345、内核参数(16Gmemshmmax=PAGESIZE*shmall,shmmax>PGA(0.5~0.7*mem))#kernel.shmmax=8589934592#kernel.shmmax=12884901888#kernel.shmall=2097152#kernel.shmall=3145728echo'kernel.shmmax=12884901888'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'kernel.shmall=3145728'>>/etc/sysctl.conf#echo'kernel.shmmax=8589934592'>>/etc/sysctl.conf#echo'kernel.shmall=2097152'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'fs.aio-max-nr=1048576'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'fs.file-max=6815744'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'kernel.shmmni=4096'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'kernel.sem=25032000100128'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.core.rmem_default=262144'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.core.rmem_max=4194304'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.core.wmem_default=262144'>>/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.core.wmem_max=1048586'>>/etc/sysctl.confsudosysctl-p###shell打开文件限制echo'oraclesoftnproc2047'>>/etc/security/limits.confecho'oraclehardnproc16384'>>/etc/security/limits.confecho'oraclesoftnofile1024'>>/etc/security/limits.confecho'oraclehardnofile65536'>>/etc/security/limits.confecho'sessionrequiredpam_limits.so'>>/etc/pam.d/login6、换一个控制台然后su-oracle7、来的database文件夹下，开始安装（su进去不行重新登陆）/setup/DB/DB/Files/zip/database/runinstaller7.1修改环境属性vi/etc/sysconfig/i18nexportLANG="en_US.UTF-8"7.2在每次调用图形界面以前，我们使用export临时设置LANG(ORACLE用户)exportLANG=en_US.UTF-87.3在每次调用图形界面以前，我们使用export临时设置LC_CTYPEexportLC_CTYPE=en_US.iso88591提示：我们可以使用linux的locale命令查看相关的字符集安装完成执行/setup/DB/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/setup/DB/oracle/oracle/root.sh8、开启oracle监听服务netca9、创建oracle数据库回到命令行，输入dbca，会弹出以下会话框注意要和环境变量中设置的SID一样在第九步左右PGA设定为mem的0.5~0.7CharacterSets选择gbk16字符集(根据自己需要)10、测试数据库注意必须使用oracle系统用户登录才能操作数据库，以及开启监听、控制台等功能。[oracle@localhost~]$lsnectlstart[oracle@localhost~]$sqlplus/assysdba《==》sqlplus/nologconn/assysdbaSQL>startupORACLEinstancestarted.TotalSystemGlobalArea238530560bytesFixedSize1335724bytesVariableSize121638484bytesDatabaseBuffers113246208bytesRedoBuffers2310144bytesDatabasemounted.Databaseopened.SQL>select*fromtestUser;IDNAME--------------------0mike关闭数据库SQL>shutdownimmediateSQL>quitnc57表空间CREATETABLESPACENNC_DATA01DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_data01.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE256K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_DATA02DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_data02.dbf'SIZE300MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE256K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_DATA03DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_data03.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT100MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE512K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_INDEX01DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_index01.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE128K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_INDEX02DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_index02.dbf'SIZE300MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE128K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_INDEX03DATAFILE'/nc57ce/ORACLE/nnc_index03.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT100MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE256K;CREATEUSERNC50IDENTIFIEDBYNC50DEFAULTTABLESPACENNC_DATA01TEMPORARYTABLESPACEtemp;GRANTconnect,dbatoNC50;多次密码错误被锁然后sysdba登入后alteruserNC50accountunlock;nc63表空间CREATETABLESPACENNC_DATA01DATAFILE'/setup/DB/oracle/tablespace/nc_data01.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE256K;CREATETABLESPACENNC_INDEX01DATAFILE'/setup/DB/oracle/tablespace/nnc_index01.dbf'SIZE500MAUTOEXTENDONNEXT50MEXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCALUNIFORMSIZE128K;CREATEUSERNC63IDENTIFIEDBY123DEFAULTTABLESPACENNC_DATA01TEMPORARYTABLESPACEtemp;GRANTconnect,dbatoNC63;查看密码生效时间SELECT*FROMdba_profilessWHEREs.profile='DEFAULT'ANDresource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';修改无限ALTERPROFILEDEFAULTLIMITPASSWORD_LIFE_TIMEUNLIMITED;修改部分参数//11gda不能导出空表问题altersystemsetdeferred_segment_creation=false;showparameterdeferred_segment_creation;//showparameterprocesses;altersystemsetprocesses=500scope=spfile;showparametersession;altersystemsetsessions=800scope=spfile;//游标showparameteropen_cursorsaltersystemsetopen_cursors=3000scope=both；sga_max_size就是设置oracle的最大sga数，sga_target时当前分配的sga数，sga_target<=sga_max_sizememory_max_target=>momery_target=>SGA_MAX_SIZE+pga_taggregate_target;对OLTP而言(新数据的初始参数)SGA=memory*80%*80%PGA=memory*80%*20%对DSS而言(新数据的初始参数)SGA=memory*80%*50%PGA=memory*80%*50%
