CentOS 7.6 测试环境安装ORACLE 21C

一、文档说明

本文基于virtualBox上的CentOS7.6安装Oracle21C，仅适用于虚拟机环境下测试使用。

Windows主机虚拟机：virtualBox

Linux远程连接工具：MobaXterm。

主机内存2G，硬盘至少预留15G用于安装Oracle数据库。

二、安装前准备

1.关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2.关闭seLinux

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

3.创建Oracle用户与组

创建一个用户组oinstall：

groupadd oinstall

创建一个用户组dba：

groupadd dba

创建用户oracle 到主组oinstall，副组dba，主目录/oracle：

useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /oracle oracle

如果oracle用户已经存在则：

usermod -g oinstall -G dba -d /oracle oracle

查看用户oracle的添加情况:

id oracle

4.运行以下脚本

sh 1.sh

1.sh脚本内容如下(设置Oracle用户环境变量)：

echo "export ORACLE_SID=ora21c">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/db">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/product/21c/db_1'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "The Environment for oracle also has been set successfully"

sh 2.sh

2.sh脚本内容如下（创建安装目录和设置文件权限）：

mkdir -p /oracle/app/db

mkdir -p /oracle/app/product/21c/db_1

mkdir –p /oracle/oradata

chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle

chmod -R 775 /oracle

echo "The necessary directory for oracle,grid users and change the authention to oracle,grid users has been finished"

sh 3.sh

3.sh脚本内容如下（修改用户的限制文件）：

cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak

echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle soft nofile 10240" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle  hard  memlock  14688227" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "Modifing the /etc/security/limits.conf has been succeed."

sh 4.sh

4.sh脚本内容如下：

echo "Now modify the /etc/pam.d/login,but with a backup named /etc/pam.d/login.bak"

cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login.bak

echo "session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login

echo "Modifing the /etc/pam.d/login has been succeed."

sh 5.sh

5.sh脚本内容如下：

echo "Now modify the /etc/profile,but with a backup named /etc/profile.bak"

cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak

echo 'if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then' >> /etc/profile

echo 'if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then' >> /etc/profile

echo 'ulimit -p 16384' >> /etc/profile

echo 'ulimit -n 65536' >> /etc/profile

echo 'else' >> /etc/profile

echo 'ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536' >> /etc/profile

echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile

echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile

echo "Modifing the /etc/profile has been succeed."

sh 6.sh

6.sh脚本内容如下：

echo "Now modify the /etc/sysctl.conf,but with a backup named /etc/sysctl.bak"

cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak

echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmall = 2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmax = 1054472192" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 2